Visual recognition

If the stone is veined or marbled, it is obviously marble or limestone.

If the stone is veined or marbled, it is obviously marble or limestone.
Granite is to be recognized generally by the presence of crystal grains visible to the naked eye.
If the stone is composed by a multitude of small agglomerated stones, it will be granito. If this is the case and it is seamless it is cast terrazzo.
In case of uniform tiles, it will surely be a ceramic tile floor or another synthetic stone type.
Terracotta and cement tiles are quite specific and therefore easily recognizable.

English
Intro: 

If the stone is veined or marbled, it is obviously marble or limestone.